Bromo

Mount Bromo (Indonesian: Gunung Bromo), is an active volcano and part of the Tengger massif, in East Java, Indonesia. At 2,329 metres (7,641 ft) it is not the highest peak of the massif, but is the most well known. The massif area is one of the most visited tourist attractions in East Java, Indonesia. The volcano belongs to the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. The name of Bromo derived from Javanese pronunciation of Brahma, the Hindu creator god.

Mount Bromo sits in the middle of a vast plain called the "Sea of Sand" (Javanese: Segara Wedi or Indonesian: Lautan Pasir), a protected nature reserve since 1919. The typical way to visit Mount Bromo is from the nearby mountain village of Cemoro Lawang. 



From there it is possible to walk to the volcano in about 45 minutes, but it is also possible to take an organised jeep tour, which includes a stop at the viewpoint on Mount Penanjakan (2,770 m or 9,088 ft) (Indonesian: Gunung Penanjakan). The best views from Mount Bromo to the Sand Sea below and the surrounding volcanoes are at sunrise. The viewpoint on Mount Penanjakan can also be reached on foot in about two hours. From inside the caldera, sulfur is collected by workers.

Depending on the degree of volcanic activity, the Indonesian Centre for Vulcanology and Disaster Hazard Mitigation sometimes issues warnings against visiting Mount Bromo. The list of outstanding warnings may be consulted at the Indonesian-language website of the Centre.

Jaranan

Jaranan is one of the thousands of art which is owned by Indonesia. Jaranan contains elements of mystical arts are very strong, often the players possessed and doing things out of the ordinary. 

Her catwalk dancers also make the audience stunned, cohesion in the movement is accompanied with Javanese gamelan music made ​​the audience seemed reluctant to move from his seat. Location: Village Sumberjo, Blitar, East Java

The Lakes of Mount Kelimutu

Kelimutu is a volcano, close to the small town of Moni about 50 km to the east of Ende, Indonesia in central Flores Island of Indonesia.  The volcano contains three striking summit crater lakes of varying colors.

Tiwu Ata Mbupu (Lake of Old People) is usually blue and is the westernmost of the three lakes. The other two lakes, Tiwu Nuwa Muri Koo Fai (Lake of Young Men and Maidens) and Tiwu Ata Polo (Bewitched or Enchanted Lake) are separated by a shared crater wall and are typically green or red respectively.

 The lake colors vary on a periodic basis. Subaqueous fumaroles are the probable cause of active upwelling that occurs at the two eastern lakes.  The lakes have been a source of minor phreatic eruptions in historical time. 

The summit of the compound 1639-m-high Kelimutu volcano is elongated two km in a WNW-ESE direction; the older cones of Kelido and Kelibara are located respectively three km to the north and two km to the south. The scenic lakes are a popular tourist destination.  Kelimutu is also of interest to geologists because the three lakes are different colors yet are at the crest of the same volcano.

According to the local officer at Kelimutu National Park, the colour changes as a result of chemical reactions resulting from the minerals contained in the lake perhaps triggered by volcano gas activity. Kawah Putih lake in West Java, south of Bandung, is another crater lake in Indonesia with some similarities to the lakes at Kelimutu.

Name of Indonesia

In JIAEA 1850 Volume IV, pages 66-74, George Samuel Windsor Earl (1813-1865) wrote an article "On the Leading Characteristics of the Papuan, Australian and Malay-Polynesian Nations." In his article confirms that Earl has come for the people of the Malay Archipelago Indian Archipelago or to have distinctive name, a distinctive name, because the name is not appropriate Indies and often confused with the mention of another Indian. Earl filed two option names, “Indu-Nesians” or Malayunesia, nesos, in Greek means the Island. Article on page 71 it says, "... the inhabitants of the Indian Archipelago or Malayan Archipelago would Indunesians or Malayunesians Become respectively."

In Volume IV JIAEA it also, pages 252-347, James Richardson Logan (1819-1869) wrote an article The Ethnology of the Indian Archipelago, In early writings, Logan also expressed the need for the typical name for these islands, because the term "Indian Archipelago" is too long and confusing. Logan picked up the discarded Indunesia name Earl, and the replacement letters of u with the letter o so his words better. Thus was born the term Indonesia.

Indonesia for the first time the word appears in the world with 254 pages printed on the paper Logan, "Mr. Earl Suggests Indunesian the Ethnographical term, but rejects it in favor of Malayunesian. I prefer the purely geographical term Indonesia, roomates is merely a shorter Synonym for the Indian Islands or the Indian Archipelago. "When Indonesia proposed the name Logan does not seem to realize that in the future it will be the name of the name of the nation and the country's fourth-largest population rank on earth!

Since then Logan has consistently used the name "Indonesia" in his scientific writings, and the use of this term is slowly spreading among scientists fields of ethnology and geography. In 1884 a professor of ethnology at the University of Berlin named Adolf Bastian (1826-1905) published a book Rodel oder die Inseln des Malayischen Archipel five volumes, containing the results of his research when it wandered into our country in 1864 until 1880. Bastian is a book that popularized the term "Indonesia" in the Dutch scholar, so that could arise contention that the term "Indonesia" was created by Bastian. Opinion is not true that, among others in the Encyclopedie van Nederlandsch-Indie 1918.

Indonesia people who initially used the term "Indonesia" is Suwardi Suryaningrat or Ki Hajar Dewantara. When in the exhaust to the Netherlands in 1913 he established a press bureau under the name Indonesische Pers-bureau.

Pulau Merah

Banyuwangi International Surfing Event Introduces Pulau Merah  

A hundred and twenty five participants from twenty countries joined Banyuwangi International Surfing Competition held by the regional government of Banyuwangi, East Java on Friday, May 24.

The competition was initiated by the head of Sub Disctrict, Abdullah Azwar by releasing hatchlings at Pulau Merah beach and was opened by the Minister of Youths and Sports, Roy Suryo at 1 p.m. yesterday.

Hundreds of students and local residents gathered at the beach to watch the release at 07.30 a.m. After releasing the hatchlings, the surfers started to try out the waves of Pulau Merah, located about eighty kilometer south of Banyuwangi.

The foreign participants are from Japan, New Zealand, USA, Australia and other European countries. "The international event is to introduce Pulau Merah as a tourist destination in Banyuwangi," Abdullah Azwar said.

en.tempo.co

Toba Lake

Coordinates 2.6845°N 98.8756°ECoordinates: 2.6845°N 98.8756°E
Type Volcanic/ tectonic
Primary outflows Asahan River
Max. length 100 km (62 mi)
Max. width 30 km (19 mi)
Surface area 1,130 km2 (440 sq mi)
Max. depth 505 m (1,657 ft)[1]
Water volume 240 km3 (58 cu mi)
Surface elevation 905 m (2,969 ft)
Islands Samosir

Lake Toba (Indonesian: Danau Toba) is a lake and supervolcano. The lake is 100 kilometres long, 30 kilometres wide, and up to 505 metres (1,666 ft) deep. Located in the middle of the northern part of the Indonesian island of Sumatra with a surface elevation of about 900 metres (2,953 ft), the lake stretches from 2.88°N 98.52°E to 2.35°N 99.1°E. It is the largest lake in Indonesia and the largest volcanic lake in the world.

Lake Toba is the site of a massive supervolcanic eruption estimated at VEI 8 that occurred 69,000 to 77,000 years ago, representing a climate-changing event. It is the largest known explosive eruption on Earth in the last 25 million years. 

According to the Toba catastrophe theory, it had global consequences for human populations: it killed most humans living at that time and is believed to have created a population bottleneck in central east Africa and India, which affects the genetic make up of the human world-wide population to the present. 

This hypothesis is not widely accepted because evidence is lacking for a decline or extinction of other animals, including species that are sensitive to changes in the environment.[6] It has been accepted that the eruption of Toba led to a volcanic winter with a worldwide decrease in temperature between 3 to 5 °C (5 to 9 °F), and up to 15 °C (27 °F) in higher latitudes.

Bali

Bali is a province of Indonesia. The province covers a few small neighbouring islands as well as the isle of Bali. The main island is located in the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east. It is one of the country's 34 provinces with the provincial capital at Denpasar towards the south of the island.

With a population recorded as 3,891,428 in the 2010 census, and currently 4.22 million, the island is home to most of Indonesia's Hindu minority. In the 2000 census about 92.29% of Bali's population adhered to Balinese Hinduism while most of the remainder follow Islam. 

It is also the largest tourist destination in the country and is renowned for its highly developed arts, including traditional and modern dance, sculpture, painting, leather, metalworking, and music. A tourist haven for decades, Bali has seen a further surge in tourist numbers in recent years.

Source : wikipedia.org